Small Discretionary Grantmaking

Published: February 2022; Last updated: August 2023 (February 2022 version)

Why make small discretionary grants?

In the course of GiveWell's work, our researchers sometimes come across opportunities that seem plausibly high-impact but that are small or don't fit into our overall grantmaking strategy, such that we wouldn't want to invest a lot of time in evaluating them.

In some cases, a researcher expects that one of these opportunities may be as cost-effective or more cost-effective than our top charities. However, it might be difficult for the researcher to make the type of robust case that we make for most of our grants because their opinion of the opportunity relies on judgments that may be more subjective and difficult to falsify, and making a compelling, falsifiable case would be very time-consuming relative to the size of the grant.

We could choose to pass on all these opportunities, but we believe that some of them will increase GiveWell's impact and are therefore worth funding. We think researchers' judgment calls (informed by many interactions or by particular expertise in a field) can be an important part of good decision-making.

So, we've created a mechanism for providing funding in cases where we know enough about the people or organizations involved in the opportunity or about the context to believe that supporting it is the right call. The size of these opportunities is very small relative to most of our grantmaking and the apparent downside risk to funding them is minimal.

Who recommends these grants? How big are they?

A small number of GiveWell staff now have the opportunity to recommend a certain amount of discretionary funding annually. Small discretionary grants will make up a very small portion of the total funding we direct each year.

As of March 2022, our CEO and our five Program Officers each may recommend up to $1 million in small discretionary grants each year, for a maximum of $6 million in small discretionary grants annually, as compared to the $244 million we directed in 2020.

We will publish information about these grants on our website, including in the table at the bottom of this page.

What criteria must these grants meet?

The intention is for these small grants to require minimal due diligence from the people recommending them. The only requirements are that:

1. A relevant GiveWell staff member (our CEO or one of our five Program Officers, as of March 2022) recommends the grant.
2. It plausibly contributes to our goal of saving or improving lives the most per dollar.
3. It fits within that staff member's budget ($1 million annually as of March 2022).
4. It has little or no downside risk, in our view.

Examples of downside risk that could lead us not to recommend a small discretionary grant include:

• Possibility of causing harm. For instance, if we recommend funding to an organization in a small field, we may be empowering that organization relative to others. Unless we feel confident in our knowledge of the field and the organization's place in that ecosystem, we should be wary of taking that step.
• Possibility of creating dependence. We should be cautious of creating a situation where we recommend the grant and the organization then expects or needs to receive additional funding from us in the future.
• Reputational risk. Some opportunities could pose a public relations risk to GiveWell, like supporting someone or something that's very controversial. Those opportunities would likely not be a good fit for a small discretionary grant.

How will they be funded?

Funding for our small discretionary grantmaking is likely to come from unrestricted donations received by GiveWell that have since been restricted for us to grant to programs, due to either our "excess assets" policy or our policy of having no single donor fund more than 20% of our operations in a given year. Funding could also come from other sources, like Open Philanthropy, Effective Altruism Funds' Global Health and Development Fund, or individual donors.

If you give to the Top Charities Fund or to GiveWell for granting to a specific program, your donation will not be used for this small discretionary grants program.

Past recipients of small discretionary grants

Grant	Amount	Date	Source of funds	Recommender​​
Agency Fund – Youth Empowerment Fellowships (January 2023)	$855,000	January 2023	Effective Altruism Funds' Global Health and Development Fund	Julie Faller
Spark Microgrants – Scoping Grant for Participatory Learning and Action for Maternal and Neonatal Health (November 2022)	$53,740	November 2022	All Grants Fund	Julie Faller
One Acre Fund – Scoping Grant for In-Line Chlorination in Rwanda (October 2022)	$451,212	October 2022	All Grants Fund	Marinella Capriati
Precision Development – Bridge Grant (September 2022)	$286,709	September 2022	All Grants Fund	Teryn Mattox
One Acre Fund – Planning Grant for Research on Tree Program (September 2022)	$77,523	September 2022	Effective Altruism Funds' Global Health and Development Fund	Julie Faller
IDinsight – Research on Program Reach Estimates (August 2022)	$71,000	August 2022	Unrestricted funding designated for granting	Natalie Crispin
IRD Global — Bridge Grant for Tuberculosis Program (November 2021 and April 2022)	$562,000	April 2022	Effective Altruism Funds' Global Health and Development Fund	Teryn Mattox
WAW Statistical Consulting Ltd — Development of an R Package for Bayesian Evidence Aggregation	$66,400	March 2022	Open Philanthropy	James Snowden
Oxford University – Research on Cash Spillover Effects	$121,626	June 2021	Unrestricted funding designated for granting	Elie Hassenfeld
Innovations for Poverty Action — Scale-Up of Face Masks in South Asia	$100,000	May 2021	Effective Altruism Funds' Global Health and Development Fund	James Snowden